A substantial number of people who have problems with alcohol also experience strong
anxiety and mood problems. This article provides an overview of the evolving perspectives …

Syndromal classification is a well-developed diagnostic system but has failed to deliver on
its promise of the identification of functional pathological processes. Functional analysis is …

Objective: This article presents a new formulation of the relationship between stress and the
processes leading to disease. It emphasizes the hidden cost of chronic stress to the body …

This article explains how alcohol makes social responses more extreme, enhances
important self-evaluations, and relieves anxiety and depression, effects that underlie both …

The present study proposed and tested a motivational model of alcohol use in which people
are hypothesized to use alcohol to regulate both positive and negative emotions. Two …

The comorbidity of current and lifetime DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders was examined
in 1,127 outpatients who were assessed with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for …

A stressor vulnerability model of stress-induced drinking was tested in a stratified random
sample of 1,316 Black and White adult drinkers. Stressors were highly predictive of both …

It is generally agreed that problems related to alcohol use and anxiety tend to occur within
the same individual (“comorbidity”); however, the cause of this association remains …

The co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is relatively
common and is associated with a complex clinical presentation. Sound diagnosis and …

This paper presents a review and a model of the development of addictive behaviors in
(human) adolescents, with a focus on alcohol. The model proposes that addictive behaviors …