The use of systemic anticancer chemotherapy is intrinsically limited by its toxicity. Whether
dealing with small molecules or biopharmaceuticals, after systemic administration, small …

Drug delivery through the skin offers many advantages such as avoidance of hepatic first-
pass metabolism, maintenance of steady plasma concentration, safety, and compliance over …

Transdermal drug delivery systems have become an intriguing research topic in
pharmaceutical technology area and one of the most frequently developed pharmaceutical …

Background Transdermal delivery has the advantage of bypassing the first-pass effect and
allowing sustained release of the drug. However, the drug delivery is limited owing to the …

Microneedles (MNs), as an effective minimally invasive delivery route, when used to
puncture the skin, can bypass the skin's stratum corneum (SC) to enter the skin …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing is transforming manufacturing paradigms within
healthcare. Vat photopolymerization 3D printing technology combines the benefits of high …

The most widely used methods for transdermal administration of the drugs are hypodermic
needles, topical creams, and transdermal patches. The effect of most of the therapeutic …

In this focused progress review, the recent developments and trends of hydrogel‐forming
microneedles (HFMs) and potential future directions are presented. Previously …

In the field of ocular drug delivery, topical delivery remains the most common treatment
option for managing anterior segment diseases, while intraocular injections are the current …

Although interstitial fluid (ISF) is recognized as an important source of biomarkers, it is
difficult and time‐consuming to extract, thus limiting its use in medical diagnostic and clinical …