Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional
remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling …

Astrocytes constitute approximately 30% of the cells in the mammalian central nervous
system (CNS). They are integral to brain and spinal-cord physiology and perform many …

Reactive astrocytes are strongly induced by central nervous system (CNS) injury and
disease, but their role is poorly understood. Here we show that a subtype of reactive …

Astrocytes are neural parenchymal cells that ubiquitously tile the central nervous system
(CNS). In addition to playing essential roles in healthy tissue, astrocytes exhibit an …

The decline of cognitive function occurs with aging, but the mechanisms responsible are
unknown. Astrocytes instruct the formation, maturation, and elimination of synapses, and …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a severe condition with an extremely high disability rate.
The challenges of SCI repair include its complex pathological mechanisms and the …

One hundred years ago, Ramón y Cajal, considered by many as the founder of modern
neuroscience, stated that neurons of the adult central nervous system (CNS) are incapable …

Transected axons fail to regrow in the mature central nervous system. Astrocytic scars are
widely regarded as causal in this failure. Here, using three genetically targeted loss-of …

The blood vessels vascularizing the central nervous system exhibit a series of distinct
properties that tightly control the movement of ions, molecules, and cells between the blood …

Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that outnumber neurons by over fivefold. They
contiguously tile the entire central nervous system (CNS) and exert many essential complex …