As aquaculture continues to grow and intensify, there is an increasing public concern over
the welfare of farmed fish. Stress and production‐related pathologies and repressed growth …

Environmental pollutants such as metals, pesticides, and other organics pose serious risks
to many aquatic organisms. Accordingly, a great deal of previous research has …

Physical, chemical and perceived stressors can all evoke non-specific responses in fish,
which are considered adaptive to enable the fish to cope with the disturbance and maintain …

Pollutants, and more generally, environmental stressors, are a neglected source of
behavioral and cognitive variations in wild populations. Based on recent literature in fish, we …

With the continued growth of the aquaculture industry and increasing scientific discussion
over the potential for negative events to give rise to suffering, research into the welfare of …

When stimuli from the environment are perceived to be a threat or potential threat then
animals initiate stress responses, with activation of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis …

Previous reviews of stress, and the stress hormone cortisol, in fish have focussed on
physiology, due to interest in impacts on aquaculture production. Here, we discuss cortisol in …

Much of the understanding of the endocrine basis of stress in fish comes from studies of
cultured stocks of teleosts; there is comparatively little information on stress responses in …

Reactions to stress vary between individuals, and physiological and behavioral responses
tend to be associated in distinct suites of correlated traits, often termed stress-co** styles …

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as a promising model organism to study
development, toxicology, pharmacology, and neuroscience, among other areas. Despite the …