Air pollution can have a significant impact on stone materials used in monuments, buildings,
and sculptures. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are particularly harmful pollutants, especially in …

Rapid, field‐based measurements of rock hardness are of use in investigating many
geomorphological and heritage science problems. Several different methods are now …

Two types of Hungarian travertine a massive less porous and a laminated porous type were
tested under laboratory conditions. Tests aimed to assess the performance and durability of …

The study investigated the long-term performance/durability of yellow travertine against
various environmental processes using several accelerated weathering tests: wet–dry …

Nanostructured TiO 2 is the most widely studied photocatalytic material and is used in self-
cleaning coatings in buildings and for Cultural Heritage applications. To extend the …

This paper establishes relationships between the structures of travertine and calcium
carbonate tufa used as building stones and their physical properties. The most characteristic …

A typical characteristic that generally defines historic buildings is certainly the age of the
buildings. The life cycle of historic buildings is out of date, the vast majority being hundreds …

Severe stone deterioration is evident at the Cologne cathedral. In particular, the
“Drachenfels” trachyte, which was the building material of the medieval construction period …

Limestones are often used as building stones in contemporary architecture. Salt weathering
is one of the main threats affecting this lithology. In this study, two Portuguese limestones …

This study focuses on the characterization of black crusts collected from the Monza cathedral
located in the homonymous city (N Italy), a hot spot from the point of view of the atmospheric …