Bioerosion of calcium carbonate is the natural counterpart of biogenic calcification. Both are
affected by ocean acidification (OA). We summarize definitions and concepts in bioerosion …

A remarkable diversity of bioerosion trace fossils is reflected by the plethora of ichnotaxa that
has been proposed for these structures during the past two centuries. Bioerosion traces …

Carbonate budgets dynamically balance production and loss of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
on coral reefs. To sustain or expand the coral reef framework, CaCO3 production by …

With the decline of reef-building corals on tropical reefs, sponges have emerged as an
important component of changing coral reef ecosystems. Seemingly simple, sponges are …

Sponges are functionally important components of global benthic environments and have
been proposed as potential winners under future climate scenarios. We review the evidence …

Sponges are a major component of benthic ecosystems across the world and fulfil a number
of important functional roles. However, despite their importance, there have been few …

Global climate change will cause coral reefs decline and is expected to increase the reef
erosion potential of bioeroding sponges. Microbial symbionts are essential for the overall …

Excavating sponges are prominent bioeroders on coral reefs that in comparison to other
benthic organisms may suffer less or may even benefit from warmer, more acidic and more …

Sponges are dominant, but poorly understood, components of mesophotic coral ecosystems
(MCEs). Herein, we review the current understanding of mesophotic reef sponges focusing …

Bone and teeth, specialised bio-mineralized connective tissues, are left after the typical
decomposition process of any vertebrate organism. Their analysis can reveal insights into …