Macrophages are heterogeneous and their phenotype and functions are regulated by the
surrounding micro‐environment. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: 1) …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-
ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 provide deep and durable …

Background and aim Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory
disease; the clinical manifestations are correlated with continuum multiarticular synovitis …

Macrophages are innate immune cells that adopt diverse activation states in response to
their microenvironment. Editing macrophage activation to dampen inflammatory diseases by …

Tendon-bone insertion injuries (TBI), such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and rotator
cuff injuries, are common degenerative or traumatic pathologies with a negative impact on …

Neuroinflammation has positive and negative effects. This review focuses on the roles of
macrophage in the PNS. Transection of PNS axons leads to degeneration and clearance of …

The concept of multiple macrophage activation states is not new. However, extending this
idea to resident tissue macrophages, like microglia, has gained increased interest in recent …

Macrophages are a specialized class of innate immune cells with multifaceted roles in
modulation of the inflammatory response, homeostasis, and wound healing. While …

The objective was to investigate the effect of kinsenoside (Kin) treatments on macrophage
polarity and evaluate the resulting protection of chondrocytes to attenuate osteoarthritis (OA) …

Cryptococcosis is a globally distributed invasive fungal infection that is caused by species
within the genus Cryptococcus which presents substantial therapeutic challenges. Although …