Abstract The standard Λ Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model provides a good
description of a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological data. However, there are a …

A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …

We present cosmological parameter results from the final full-mission Planck measurements
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies, combining information from the …

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background
temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using …

We describe the legacy Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) likelihoods derived
from the 2018 data release. The overall approach is similar in spirit to the one retained for …

Early dark energy (EDE) that behaves like a cosmological constant at early times (redshifts
z≳ 3000) and then dilutes away like radiation or faster at later times can solve the Hubble …

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being
built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the …

Measurements of the Hubble constant and, more generally, measurements of the expansion
rate and distances over the interval 0< z< 1 appear to be inconsistent with the predictions of …

This paper presents cosmological results based on full-mission Planck observations of
temperature and polarization anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) …

We present cosmological parameter constraints from a tomographic weak gravitational
lensing analysis of∼ 450 deg2 of imaging data from the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS). For a …