Abstract Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have enabled algorithms to
autonomously acquire knowledge from data, facilitating predictive and decision-making …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by hallmark impairments in social
functioning. Nevertheless, nonsocial cognition, including hippocampus-dependent spatial …

Deep reinforcement learning is the combination of reinforcement learning (RL) and deep
learning. This field of research has been able to solve a wide range of complex …

INTRODUCTION Adaptive decision-making requires assimilation of reward information to
guide subsequent choices. However, actions and outcomes are often separated by time and …

Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled machines to plan in tasks
previously thought to be uniquely human. Meanwhile, the planning algorithms implemented …

One of the most striking features of human cognition is the ability to plan. Two aspects of
human planning stand out—its efficiency and flexibility. Efficiency is especially impressive …

A cognitive map has long been the dominant metaphor for hippocampal function, embracing
the idea that place cells encode a geometric representation of space. However, evidence for …

Theories of reward learning in neuroscience have focused on two families of algorithms
thought to capture deliberative versus habitual choice.'Model-based'algorithms compute the …

To make decisions, animals must evaluate candidate choices by accessing memories of
relevant experiences. Yet little is known about which experiences are considered or ignored …

The hippocampal–entorhinal system encodes a map of space that guides spatial navigation.
Goal-directed behaviour outside of spatial navigation similarly requires a representation of …