Several theories construe risk appraisals as key determinants of decisions and actions, and
this idea has been supported in correlational studies. However, correlational data cannot …

Until recently, claims for the psychological benefits of physical exercise have tended to
precede supportive evidence. Acutely, emotional effects of exercise remain confusing, both …

Regular physical activity plays a crucial role in health maintenance and disease prevention.
However, excessive exercise has the potential to have adverse effects on both physical and …

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to review the equivocal literature
examining exercise dependence and deprivation. Method: A comprehensive literature …

This paper presents five studies with 2,420 total participants on the development and
validation of the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS), which is conceptualized based on the …

Compulsive exercise is a condition described since 1970s. It is characterized by a craving
for physical training, resulting in uncontrollable excessive exercise behavior with harmful …

This review applied meta-analytic procedures to integrate research findings examining the
impact of exercise on body image. We performed extensive literature searching strategies …

Temporal instability can reflect either true psychological change or measurement error. I
offer several recommendations to improve stability research and enhance the ability to …

The aim of this review is to synthesize the knowledge about the definitions and measures of
exercise dependence based on the few studies available in the literature. This review …

Objectives—This study was concerned with the concept of exercise dependence. Levels of
psychological morbidity, personality profiles, and exercise beliefs were compared among …