Population declines of many avian species are often attributed to increased rates of nest
predation in fragmented landscapes, yet mechanisms underlying these effects have rarely …

We reviewed published literature to examine the effect of habitat fragmentation on avian
nesting success at three spatial scales (ie, edge, patch, and landscape scales). We …

Ecological processes near habitat edges often differ from processes away from edges. Yet,
the generality of “edge effects” has been hotly debated because results vary tremendously …

Part I: Introduction: Definition of a Discipline: Emergence of Landscape Ecology in the
History of Ecology; Recognition of Heterogeneity in Ecological Systems; Taking Human …

A majority of empirical tests have failed to support the hypothesis that avian nest predation
increases near habitat edges. Of 54 study sites, 13 exhibited an edge effect in any test …

Nest fates, causes of nest failure, and identities of nest predators are difficult to determine for
grassland passerines. We developed a miniature video-camera system for use in …

Urbanization‐the anthropogenic conversion of natural ecosystems into human‐dominated
ecosystems‐has occurred on global scales. The human‐dominated landscape presents …

All landscapes are mosaics of habitat patches of different types (Forman and Godron, 1981).
Therefore, there will always be edges between habitat patches in a landscape. These …

The orientation and position of hard substrata used to test ecological hypotheses about
sessile marine plants and animals have often been based on logistical convenience. Much …

Birds selecting a nest site have to find the best compromise between the risk of encountering
predation, the availability of food near to the nest and microclimatic requirements. As the …