Carbon storage by the ocean and by the land is usually quantified separately, and does not
fully take into account the land-to-ocean transport of carbon through inland waters …

The ocean holds vast quantities of carbon that it continually exchanges with the atmosphere
through the air-sea interface. Because of its enormous size and relatively rapid exchange of …

Mountain uplift and erosion have regulated the balance of carbon between Earth's interior
and atmosphere, where prior focus has been placed on the role of silicate mineral …

Earth's climate may be stabilized over millennia by solubilization of atmospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) as minerals weather, but the temperature sensitivity of this thermostat is …

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has a fundamental role in achieving the goals of the
Paris Agreement to limit anthropogenic warming to 1.5–2° C. Most ongoing CCS projects …

Uplift and erosion modulate the carbon cycle over geologic timescales by exposing minerals
to chemical weathering. However, the erosion sensitivity of mineral weathering remains …

Maintaining global warming well below 2° C, as stipulated in the Paris Agreement, will
require a complete overhaul of the world energy system. Hydrogen is considered to be a key …

Mountain building results in high erosion rates and the interaction of rocks with the
atmosphere, water and life. Carbon transfers that result from increased erosion could control …

Knowing water quality at larger scales and related ground and surface water interactions
impacted by land use and climate is essential to our future protection and restoration …

Silicate weathering as an important negative feedback can regulate the Earth's climate over
time, but much debate concerns its response strength to each climatic factor and its …