Throughout Earth's history, CO2 is thought to have exerted a fundamental control on
environmental change. Here we review and revise CO2 reconstructions from boron isotopes …

Silicon (Si) speciation and availability in soils is highly important for ecosystem functioning,
because Si is a beneficial element for plant growth. Si chemistry is highly complex compared …

Geological evidence indicates that grounded ice sheets reached sea level at all latitudes
during two long-lived Cryogenian (58 and≥ 5 My) glaciations. Combined uranium-lead and …

Silicate weathering as an important negative feedback can regulate the Earth's climate over
time, but much debate concerns its response strength to each climatic factor and its …

Earth's climate may be stabilized over millennia by solubilization of atmospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) as minerals weather, but the temperature sensitivity of this thermostat is …

During the Cryogenian (720 to 635 Ma ago) Snowball Earth glaciations, ice extended to sea
level near the equator. The cause of this catastrophic failure of Earth's thermostat has been …

We assess the literature on innovation and upscaling for negative emissions technologies
(NETs) using a systematic and reproducible literature coding procedure. To structure our …

Water plays a critical role in erosion and sediment transport and this relationship is most
evident in the hyperarid Atacama Desert of Northern Chile, a region characterized by …

Current understanding of the long-term carbon cycle posits that Earth's climate is stabilized
by a negative feedback involving CO 2 consumption by chemical weathering of silicate …

Plate-tectonic processes have long been thought to be the major cause of the Cenozoic
global carbon cycle, and global cooling by uplift of the Tibetan Plateau through enhancing …