In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the data sources and estimation
methods of 30 currently available global precipitation data sets, including gauge‐based …

Soil erosion is generally recognized as the dominant process of land degradation. The
formation and expansion of gullies is often a highly significant process of soil erosion …

The extension of the ERA5 reanalysis back to 1950 supplements the previously published
segment covering 1979 to the present. It features the assimilation of additional conventional …

We provide a description and concise evaluation of the European Centre of Medium‐range
Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v. 5 (ERA5) global reanalysis from an additional extension …

Abstract Within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), ECMWF is producing the
ERA5 reanalysis which, once completed, will embody a detailed record of the global …

We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of
GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4. 1), which builds on component and coupled …

Assessing the role of anthropogenic warming from temporally inhomogeneous historical
data in the presence of large natural variability is difficult and has caused conflicting …

Abstract The Community Land Model (CLM) is the land component of the Community Earth
System Model (CESM) and is used in several global and regional modeling systems. In this …

Historical reanalyses that span more than a century are needed for a wide range of studies,
from understanding large‐scale climate trends to diagnosing the impacts of individual …

Working Group I (WGI) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assesses
the current evidence on the physical science of climate change, evaluating knowledge …