While the hypothetico-deductive approach, which includes inductive and deductive
reasoning, is largely recognized in scientific reasoning, there is not much focus on abductive …

Worldwide, teachers are expected to engage their students in authentic practices, like
scientific modeling. Research suggests that teachers experience challenges when …

The first chapter introduces the topic of the book, reflects on its relevance over time, and
clarifies terminology. The construct of competence is introduced as well as the various …

Understanding the nature of models and engaging in modeling practice have been
emphasized in science education. However, few studies discuss the relationships between …

In this study, secondary school students'(N= 617; grades 7 to 10) understanding of models
and modeling was assessed using tasks which explicitly refer to the scientific disciplines of …

Research in the field of students' understandings of models and their use in science
describes different frameworks concerning these understandings. Currently, there is no …

A systematic literature review across multiple scientific disciplines was conducted to explore
students' understanding of atomic structure, focusing on students' ACs. A total of 112 …

The process of thinking in and about models as a scientific practice should be integrated into
science teaching and learning. Empirical studies show that students see models primarily in …

It is argued that knowledge about models is an important part of a profound understanding of
Nature of Science. Consequently, researchers have developed different 'levels of …

The aim of this study was to develop a standardized test addressed to measure preservice
science teachers' scientific reasoning skills, and to initially evaluate its psychometric …