Impurity do** is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to
their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been …

In vivo imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm), which enables
us to look deeply into living subjects, is producing marvelous opportunities for biomedical …

Lanthanide-based upconversion nanomaterials have recently attracted considerable
attention in both fundamental research and various frontier applications owing to their …

Core–shell nanoparticles (CSNs) are a class of nanostructured materials that have recently
received increased attention owing to their interesting properties and broad range of …

Luminescence-based techniques continue to attract considerable attention due not only to
their current range of applications but also to their wide potential in the fields of optical …

Theranostics is a concept of integrating imaging and therapy into a single platform for use in
the next generation of personalized medicine to meet the challenges in modern health …

Conspectus Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are a special class of
luminescent nanomaterials that convert multiwavelength near-infrared (NIR) excitation into …

Luminescent materials, also called phosphors, are defined as solids that can absorb and
convert certain types of energy into radiation of light.(1) Among all kinds of phosphors, rare …

Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are inorganic crystalline nanomaterials that can
convert near-infrared (NIR) excitation light into visible and ultraviolet emission light …

Heterostructure nanoparticles (NPs), constructed by two single‐component NPs with distinct
nature and multifunctional properties, have attracted intensive interest in the past few years …