Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia that is predominantly
caused by insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion, along with disturbances in …

The enzymatic activity of CD26/DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4/DPP4) is highlighted in
multiple studies to play a vital role in glucose metabolism by cleaving and inactivating the …

Senescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accumulate in the vasculature with age
and tissue damage and secrete factors that promote atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and …

Targeting senescent cells has recently emerged as a promising strategy for treating age-
related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, which significantly contributes to global …

The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been increasing worldwide and remains one
of the leading causes of atherosclerotic disease. Several antidiabetic agents have been …

Background Previous studies regarding the cardioprotective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4
(DPP-4) inhibitors have not provided sufficient evidence of a relationship between DPP-4 …

The increasing prevalence of atherosclerosis has become a worldwide health concern.
Although significant progress has been made in the understanding of atherosclerosis …

Introduction Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of cardiovascular diseases. Lipid
uptake and accumulation in macrophages play a major role in atherosclerotic plaque …

The association of obesity and diabetes, termed “diabesity”, defines a combination of
primarily metabolic disorders with insulin resistance as the underlying common …

Bacteria play a pivotal role in the pathological initiation and progression of pulpitis.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized as a major component of the outer wall of Gram …