Simple Summary Cognitive bias testing has emerged as one of the most valid tools in
measuring animals' affective states, and while it has been extensively applied in farm and …

The current study provides details of sleep (or inactivity) in two wild, free-roaming African
elephant matriarchs studied in their natural habitat with remote monitoring using an …

Simple Summary The responsibility to provide a complex environment and environmental
enrichment is an essential element of primate wellbeing programs that should be …

A recent large-scale welfare study in North America involving 106 Asian (Elephas maximus)
and 131 African (Loxodonta africana) elephants at 64 accredited facilities identified links (ie …

Complementary studies of wild and zoo-housed animals offer insight into behavioral
variation across a range of conditions including the context under which various behaviors …

Individual animal personalities affect experiences of zoo environments, and thus potentially
welfare. Incorporating keeper knowledge of animal personality in a reliable way has great …

Little attention has been paid to the resting and slee** behavior of zoo elephants so far.
An important concern is when elephants avoid lying down, due to degenerative joint and …

Abstract Knowledge of the spectrum and frequency of species-appropriate behaviors is
valuable when evaluating the welfare of animals living under professional care. Dolphins …

Understanding the affiliative social relationships, or bonds, between zoo elephants has
implications for both their welfare and management, yet there is limited work assessing and …

Modern zoos strive to improve standards of animal management, husbandry and welfare of
their animals as part of a continual evaluation process. Elephants (Elephantidae) have …