Polyploidy, or the duplication of entire genomes, has been observed in prokaryotic and
eukaryotic organisms, and in somatic and germ cells. The consequences of polyploidization …

Contents Summary 1428 I. The singularity of plant terrestrialization 1428 II. Adaptation vs
exaptation–what shaped the land plant toolkit? 1430 III. Trait mosaicism in (higher …

Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods,. A
robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological …

Background Flowering plants (angiosperms) are dominant components of global terrestrial
ecosystems, but phylogenetic relationships at the familial level and above remain only …

Establishing the timescale of early land plant evolution is essential for testing hypotheses on
the coevolution of land plants and Earth's System. The sparseness of early land plant …

Phylogeny has long informed pteridophyte classification. As our ability to infer evolutionary
trees has improved, classifications aimed at recognizing natural groups have become …

An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification of the orders and
families of angiosperms is presented. Several new orders are recognized: Boraginales …

Sequencing of target-enriched libraries is an efficient and cost-effective method for obtaining
DNA sequence data from hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogeny reconstruction. Much of the …

The evolutionary emergence of land plant body plans transformed the planet. However, our
understanding of this formative episode is mired in the uncertainty associated with the …

Understanding the complexity of genomic structures and their unique architecture is linked
with the power of visualization tools used to represent these features. Such tools should be …