Major depression is one of the most prevalent and debilitating personal and public health
conditions worldwide. Less appreciated is that depression's tremendous burdens are not …

Abstract Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression is a biologically plausible, multi-
level theory that describes neural, physiologic, molecular, and genomic mechanisms that …

Life stress is a central construct in many models of human health and disease. The present
article reviews research on stress and health, with a focus on (a) how life stress has been …

Objective Numerous theories have proposed that acute and chronic stressors may exert a
cumulative effect on life-span health by causing biological “wear and tear,” or allostatic load …

Improved methods of assessment and research design have established a robust and
causal association between stressful life events and major depressive episodes. The …

The notion that chronic stress fosters disease by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-
adrenocortical (HPA) axis is featured prominently in many theories. The research linking …

Individuals differ in their adjustment to stressful life events, with some exhibiting impaired
functioning, including depression, while others exhibit impressive resilience. The present …

Life stress is a central construct in health research because it is associated with increased
risk for a variety of serious mental and physical health problems, including anxiety disorders …

E arly models of psychopathology typically identified processes operating during the course
of the disorder as reflecting the key determinants of the onset of psychopathology (eg …

The chapter addresses the stigma associated with mental illnesses. It begins by
summarizing the development of thinking about labeling and stigma over the past half …