The hallmark of gram-negative bacteria and organelles such as mitochondria and
chloroplasts is the presence of an outer membrane. In bacteria such as Escherichia coli, the …

Gram-negative bacteria contain a double membrane which serves for both protection and for
providing nutrients for viability. The outermost of these membranes is called the outer …

All Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts have outer membrane proteins
(OMPs) that perform many fundamental biological processes. The OMPs in Gram-negative …

β-Barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs) represent the major proteinaceous component of
the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. These proteins perform key roles in …

β-Barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are found in the outer membranes of Gram-
negative bacteria and are essential for nutrient import, signaling, and adhesion. A 200 …

In Gram-negative bacteria, the biogenesis of β-barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs) is
mediated by the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) complex. During the past decade …

Highlights•The BamA β-barrel adopts an open state with its first and last β-strands
unpaired.•BamA β-strand 1 captures the C-terminal β-strand of substrates by hydrogen …

INTRODUCTION The outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and
chloroplasts characteristically contain β-barrel membrane proteins. These proteins contain …

In Gram-negative bacteria, the assembly of β-barrel outer-membrane proteins (OMPs)
requires the β-barrel–assembly machinery (BAM) complex. We determined the crystal …

Gram-negative bacteria shield themselves from antibiotics by producing an outer membrane
(OM) that forms a formidable permeability barrier. Multidrug resistance among these …