MRI has improved the diagnostic work-up of multiple sclerosis, but inappropriate image
interpretation and application of MRI diagnostic criteria contribute to misdiagnosis. Some …

Despite the development of highly effective treatments for relapsing–remitting multiple
sclerosis (MS), limited progress has been made in addressing primary progressive or …

Importance Autoimmune encephalitis misdiagnosis can lead to harm. Objective To
determine the diseases misdiagnosed as autoimmune encephalitis and potential reasons …

Background Diagnostic errors cause substantial preventable harms worldwide, but rigorous
estimates for total burden are lacking. We previously estimated diagnostic error and serious …

The 2010 McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis are widely used in
research and clinical practice. Scientific advances in the past 7 years suggest that they might …

Objective The radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) represents the earliest detectable pre‐
clinical phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluated the impact of therapeutic …

Over the past few years, MRI has become an indispensable tool for diagnosing multiple
sclerosis (MS). However, the current MRI criteria for MS diagnosis have imperfect sensitivity …

In multiple sclerosis (MS), a subset of chronic active white matter lesions are identifiable on
magnetic resonance imaging by their paramagnetic rims, and increasing evidence supports …

Accurate diagnosis of multiple sclerosis requires careful attention to its differential diagnosis—
many disorders can mimic the clinical manifestations and paraclinical findings of this …

Pathological evaluation is the gold standard for identifying processes related to multiple
sclerosis that explain disease manifestations, and for guiding the development of new …