For many years ecologists have documented the remarkable within-species variation
inherent in natural systems—for example, variability in juvenile growth rates, mortality rates …

Anthropogenic CO 2 emissions are acidifying the world's oceans. A growing body of
evidence demonstrates that ocean acidification can impact survival, growth, development …

Predicting impacts of global environmental change is challenging due to the complex life
cycles that characterize many terrestrial and aquatic taxa. Different life stages often interact …

Biotic interactions will modulate species' responses to climate change. Many approaches to
predicting the impacts of climate change on biodiversity so far have been based purely on a …

Differences in larval developmental mode are predicted to affect ecological and evolutionary
processes ranging from gene flow and population bottlenecks to rates of population …

Research to date has suggested that both individual marine species and ecological
processes are expected to exhibit diverse responses to the environmental effects of climate …

Patterns of recruitment in marine ecosystems can reflect the distribution of adults, dispersal
by ocean currents, or patterns of mortality after settlement. In turn, patterns of recruitment can …

Seismic surveys are conducted worldwide to explore for oil and gas deposits and to map
subsea formations. The airguns used in these surveys emit low-frequency sound waves …

An extensive body of work suggests that altered marine carbonate chemistry can negatively
influence marine invertebrates, but few studies have examined how effects are moderated …

Lipid and protein biochemistry of eggs (84 μm in diameter), embryos and early larvae of the
tropical echinoid Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus 1758) were quantified to determine how …