Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease associated with wear and tear, inflammation,
and aging. Mechanical stress along with synovial inflammation promotes the degradation of …

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling
has fundamental roles in both embryonic skeletal development and postnatal bone …

Apoptosis is a highly-regulated, active process of cell death involved in development,
homeostasis and aging. Dysregulation of apoptosis leads to pathological states, such as …

Unhealable diabetic wounds need to be addressed with the help of newer, more efficacious
strategies. Exosomes combined with biomaterials for sustained delivery of therapeutic …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint pathology characterized by progressive cartilage degradation.
Medical care is mainly based on alleviating pain symptoms. Compelling studies report the …

MicroRNAs are small double-stranded RNAs, which negatively regulate gene expression
and have been shown to have key roles in both chondrocyte development and cartilage …

Osteoarthritis (OA) was once defined as a non-inflammatory arthropathy, but it is now well-
recognized that there is a major inflammatory component to this disease. In addition to …

Increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are associated with osteoarthritis
(OA) progression. Indeed, VEGF appears to be involved in OA‐specific pathologies …

Dual-functional regulation for angiogenesis and osteogenesis is crucial for desired bone
regeneration especially in large-sized bone defects. Exosomes have been demonstrated to …

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease worldwide leading to significant
morbidity. The underlying disease process is multifactorial however there is increasing focus …