To design robust protected area networks, accurately measure species losses, or
understand the processes that maintain species diversity, conservation science must …

Agriculture and development transform forest ecosystems to human‐modified landscapes.
Decades of research in ecology have generated myriad concepts for the appropriate …

We present a historical overview of forest concepts and definitions, linking these changes
with distinct perspectives and management objectives. Policies dealing with a broad range …

Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss,. Alongside reductions in local
species diversity, biotic homogenization at larger spatial scales is of great concern for …

Protected areas (PAs) are a foundational and essential strategy for reducing biodiversity
loss. However, many PAs around the world exist on paper only; thus, while logging and …

Under suitable conditions, deforested land used for agricultural crops or pastures can revert
to forest through the assisted or unassisted process of natural regeneration. These naturally …

Extensive evidence shows that regional (gamma) diversity is often lower across restored
landscapes than in reference landscapes, in part due to common restoration practices that …

Because biodiversity is multidimensional and scale‐dependent, it is challenging to estimate
its change. However, it is unclear (1) how much scale‐dependence matters for empirical …

Environmental issues are of fundamental importance, and a broad approach to
understanding the relationship of the human economy and the natural world is essential. In …

Although diversity–stability relationships have been extensively studied in local ecosystems,
the global biodiversity crisis calls for an improved understanding of these relationships in a …