While interest in 3D printing of concrete (3DCP) and structures has been growing, a major
obstacle for implementation of 3DP construction method is the need for steel reinforcement …

This paper compiles selected predictive analytical and numerical tools which can be used to
model and understand the mechanisms of importance at different stages during and …

In concrete, early age pore water evaporation results in volumetric shrinkage that, if
restrained, can cause plastic shrinkage cracking (PSC). 3D printed concrete (3DPC) is …

With the advent of formwork-free construction technologies like 3D concrete printing,
evaluating early-age shrinkage in cementitious materials has become more critical. This …

This study focused on the plastic shrinkage and cracking of 3D printed mortar mixed with
recycled sand as fine aggregates. The test methods for free and restrained plastic shrinkage …

Plastic cracking is probably one of the earliest defects for concrete structures, and is capable
of reducing a structure's durability and service life if not prevented. Over the last 60 years …

Plastic shrinkage cracking in cement-based materials may occur at early age and the
formation can negatively impact the long-term durability. A detailed review on existing …

Abstract 3D concrete printing is a promising technology recently developed to automate
construction. Since no formwork is used in this technology to support and protect fresh …

There is great potential for 3D concrete printing to considerably transform the construction
industry. An important step toward the transfer of this new technology into practical …

In this study, a continuum poromechanics approach is presented to model the plastic
shrinkage cracking of fresh cementitious materials. The boundary conditions are according …