Animal hosts have initiated myriad symbiotic associations with microorganisms and often
have maintained these symbioses for millions of years, spanning drastic changes in …

Insects are often involved in endosymbiosis, that is, the housing of symbiotic microbes within
their tissues or within their cells. Endosymbionts are a major driving force in insects' …

Most insects harbour influential, yet non‐essential heritable microbes in their hemocoel.
Communities of these symbionts exhibit low diversity. But their frequent multi‐species nature …

Abstract Background Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) comprise a group of plant sap-sucking
insects that includes important agricultural pests. They have close associations not only with …

Insects often harbour heritable symbionts that provide defence against specialized natural
enemies, yet little is known about symbiont protection when hosts face simultaneous threats …

Heritable, facultative symbionts are common in arthropods, often functioning in host defence.
Despite moderately reduced genomes, facultative symbionts retain evolutionary potential …

Aphids are a large family of phloem-sap feeders. They typically rely on a single bacterial
endosymbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, to supply them with essential nutrients lacking in their …

All organisms have evolved a wide range of strategies to protect against natural enemies,
from complex avoidance behaviours to sophisticated immune systems, and insects are no …

Members of the bacterial genus Pantoea produce a variety of antimicrobial products that are
effective against plant, animal, and human pathogens. To date, little is known about the …

Global population growth makes it necessary to increase agricultural production yields.
However, climate change impacts and diseases caused by plant pathogens are challenging …