This review describes the diffusion model for light transport in tissues and the medical
applications of diffuse light. Diffuse optics is particularly useful for measurement of tissue …

A thorough understanding of optical properties of biological tissues is critical to effective
treatment planning for therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the last two …

We review the current state-of-the-art of diffuse optical imaging, which is an emerging
technique for functional imaging of biological tissue. It involves generating images using …

In this paper, we review the developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) for three-
dimensional non-invasive imaging. A number of different OCT techniques are discussed in …

We employ Raman spectroscopy to diagnose benign and malignant lesions in human
breast tissue based on chemical composition. In this study, 130 Raman spectra are acquired …

Frequency-domain photon migration (FDPM) is a noninvasive optical technique that utilizes
intensity-modulated, near-infrared (NIR) light to quantitatively measure optical properties in …

Diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy of the female breast is an area of active research.
We review the present status of this field and discuss the broad range of methodologies and …

We present the first demonstration of in vivo collection of Raman spectra of breast tissue.
Raman spectroscopy, which analyzes molecular vibrations, is a promising new technique for …

Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) may be a beneficial diagnostic method for women with
mammographically dense breast tissue. In order to evaluate the utility of DOI, we are …

Written by more than 400 subject experts representing diverse academic and applied
domains, this multidisciplinary resource surveys the vanguard of biomaterials and …