Weather and climate models are challenged by uncertainties and biases in simulating
Southern Ocean (SO) radiative fluxes that trace to a poor understanding of cloud, aerosol …

Biological particles in the Earth's atmosphere are a distinctive category of ice nucleating
particles (INPs) due to their capability of facilitating ice crystal formation in clouds at …

Shallow clouds covering vast areas of the world's middle-and high-latitude oceans play a
key role in dampening the global temperature rise associated with CO 2. These clouds …

Atmospheric ice‐nucleating particles (INPs) play a critical role in cloud freezing processes,
with important implications for precipitation formation and cloud radiative properties, and …

The Arctic is warming faster than anywhere else on Earth, prompting glacial melt, permafrost
thaw, and sea ice decline. These severe consequences induce feedbacks that contribute to …

Aeolian dusts serve as ice nucleating particles in mixed-phase clouds, and thereby alter the
cloud properties and lifetime. Glacial outwash plains are thought to be a major dust source …

Outdoor field measurements of bioaerosols are performed within a wide range of basic and
applied scientific disciplines, each with its own goals, assumptions, and terminology. This …

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are rare atmospheric aerosols that initiate primary ice
formation, but accurately simulating their concentrations and variability in large-scale climate …

Clouds are the main source of uncertainties when projecting climate change. Mixed-phase
clouds that contain ice and supercooled-liquid particles are especially hard to constrain, and …

A likely important feature of the poorly understood aerosol‐cloud interactions over the
Southern Ocean (SO) is the dominant role of sea spray aerosol, versus terrestrial aerosol …