Nucleic acids, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), are
natural biopolymers composed of nucleotides that store, transmit, and express genetic …

Nanocarbons with different dimensions (eg, 0D fullerenes and carbon nanodots, 1D carbon
nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons, 2D graphene and graphene oxides, and 3D …

During the last decade, two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted great attention due
to their unique chemical and physical properties, which make them appealing platforms for …

Lung cancer is nowadays among the most prevalent diseases worldwide and features the
highest mortality rate among various cancers, indicating that early diagnosis of the disease …

Nanoparticles are generally defined as any particulate material for which at least one
dimension lies in the range of 1− 100 nm. 1− 3 They can exist in various shapes, such as …

Functional graphene nanomaterials (FGNs) are fast emerging materials with extremely
unique physical and chemical properties and physiological ability to interfere and/or interact …

A biosensor device is defined by its biological, or bioinspired receptor unit with unique
specificities toward corresponding analytes. These analytes are often of biological origin like …

Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most attributed materials for opening new possibilities in
the development of next generation biosensors. Due to the coexistence of hydrophobic …

Owing to their extraordinary electrical, chemical, optical, mechanical and structural
properties, graphene and its derivatives have stimulated exploding interests in their sensor …

Lung cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide today and has the highest
mortality rate among cancers. Therefore, early diagnosis of this disease is of special …