Complex motor commands for human locomotion are generated through the combination of
motor modules representable as muscle synergies. Recent data have argued that muscle …

How does gait-specific pattern generation evolve in early infancy? The idea that neural and
biomechanical mechanisms underlying mature walking and running differ to some extent …

This paper provides an update on the neural control of bipedal walking in relation to
bioinspired models and robots. It is argued that most current models or robots are based on …

The central nervous system of humans and other animals modulates spinal cord activity to
achieve several locomotion behaviors. Previous neuromechanical models investigated the …

Key points The control of locomotion is thought to be generated by activating groups of
muscles that perform similar actions, which are termed muscle synergies. Here, we …

Muscular control during walking is believed to be simplified by the coactivation of muscles
called muscle synergies. Although significant corticomuscular connectivity during walking …

Purpose Intra-limb and muscular coordination during gait are the result of the organisation of
the neuromuscular system, which have been widely studied on a flat terrain. Environmental …

During walking, the elevation angles of the thigh, shank, and foot (ie, the angle between the
segment and the vertical) covary along a characteristic loop constrained on a plane. Here …

The aim of the study was to determine the stability and complexity of muscle synergies to
provide insight to the neural control of gait stability in walking and running and when …

Stem cell-derived spinal cord organoids (SCOs) have revolutionised the study of spinal cord
development and disease mechanisms, offering a three-dimensional model that …