Unicellular eukaryotes of the genus Leishmania are collectively responsible for a
heterogeneous group of diseases known as leishmaniasis. The visceral form of …

Leishmaniasis is a complex infectious parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus
Leishmania, belonging to a group of neglected tropical diseases. It establishes significant …

Leishmaniasis, a chronic and persistent intracellular protozoal infection caused by many
different species within the genus Leishmania, is an unfamiliar disease to most North …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play key role in providing help to B cells during germinal center
(GC) reactions. Generation of protective antibodies against various infections is an important …

Leishmaniasis, a tropically neglected disease, is responsible for the high mortality and
morbidity ratio in poverty-stricken areas. Currently, no vaccine is available for the complete …

Participation of B cells in the immune response by various antibody-independent
mechanisms has recently been uncovered. B cells producing cytokines have been …

B‐cell and antibody responses to Plasmodium spp., the parasite that causes malaria, are
critical for control of parasitemia and associated immunopathology. Antibodies also provide …

During visceral leishmaniasis (VL), Th1-based inflammation is induced to control
intracellular parasites. Inflammation-based pathology was shown to be dampened by IL-10 …

Background The disturbance of host metabolic pathways by Leishmania parasites has
crucial consequences for the activation status of immune cells and the outcome of infection …

Every year, up to 90,000 new cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis and 30,000 resultant deaths
are estimated to occur worldwide. Such numbers give relevance to the continuous study of …