The brain is the central and most complex organ in the nervous system, comprising billions
of neurons that constantly communicate through trillions of connections called synapses …

Cross-kingdom small RNA trafficking between hosts and microbes modulates gene
expression in the interacting partners during infection. However, whether other RNAs are …

The limited efficacy of immunotherapies against glioblastoma underscores the urgency of
better understanding immunity in the central nervous system. We found that treatment with …

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) plays crucial roles in Alzheimer's
disease (AD) by regulating microglia migration toward, and phagocytosis of oligomeric …

Early cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's (AD) is associated with quantifiable
structural and functional connectivity changes in the brain. AD dysregulation of Aβ and tau …

Background Systemic activation of the immune system can exert detrimental effects on the
central nervous system. Periodontitis, a chronic disease of the oral cavity, is a common …

Recent studies suggest that BRAF V600-mutated melanomas in particular respond to dual
anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated …

Genetic engineering of economically important traits in plants is an effective way to improve
global welfare. However, introducing foreign DNA molecules into plant genomes to create …

Sex is determined by multiple factors derived from somatic and germ cells in vertebrates. We
have identified amhy, dmrt1, gsdf as male and foxl2, foxl3, cyp19a1a as female sex …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) include a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Several reports showed that mutations in different high‐risk ASD genes lead to ASD …