The climate research community uses atmospheric reanalysis data sets to understand a
wide range of processes and variability in the atmosphere, yet different reanalyses may give …

A latitude–longitude grid is used by almost all operational atmospheric forecast models, and
many research models. However, it is expected that the advantages of a latitude–longitude …

General circulation models (GCMs) are the foundation of weather and climate prediction,.
GCMs are physics-based simulators that combine a numerical solver for large-scale …

Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and
computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used …

Space weather describes the various processes in the Sun–Earth system that present
danger to human health and technology. The goal of space weather forecasting is to provide …

A new three-dimensional (3D) turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) subgrid mixing scheme is
developed using the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting …

We present WASP-43b climate simulations with deep wind jets (down to 700 bar) that are
linked to retrograde (westward) flow at the equatorial day side for p< 0.1 bar. Retrograde …

Spectral features in the observed spectra of exoplanets depend on the composition of their
atmospheres. A good knowledge of the main atmospheric processes that drive the chemical …

We introduce a new climate model (GISS E2. 2) that has been specially optimized for the
middle atmosphere and whose output is being contributed to the CMIP6 archive. The top of …

Radial, space-filling (RSF) techniques for hierarchy visualization have several advantages
over traditional node-link diagrams, including the ability to efficiently use the display space …