Tryptophan is an essential amino acid from dietary proteins. It can be metabolized into
different metabolites in both the gut microbiota and tissue cells. Tryptophan metabolites such …

Accumulating evidence implicates metabolites produced by gut microbes as crucial
mediators of diet-induced host-microbial cross-talk. Here, we review emerging data …

The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bilateral communication network between the gastrointestinal
(GI) tract and the central nervous system. The essential amino acid tryptophan contributes to …

Endogenous indole and its derivatives (indoles), considered as promising N-substituted
heterocyclic compounds, are tryptophan metabolites derived from intestinal microbiota and …

The gut microbiota influences the health of the host, especially with regard to gut immune
homeostasis and the intestinal immune response. In addition to serving as a nutrient …

The second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescent imaging shows great potential for deep tissue
analysis at high resolution in living body owing to low background autofluorescence and …

Metabolites produced by the host and microbiota play a crucial role in how human bodies
develop and remain healthy. Most of these metabolites are produced by microbiota and …

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a member of the basic helix–loop–helix–(bHLH)
superfamily of transcription factors, which are associated with cellular responses to …

The interaction disorder between gut microbiota and its host has been documented in
different non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as metabolic syndrome …

The 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' plays a fundamental role in maintaining host homeostasis,
and different immune, hormonal, and neuronal signals participate to this interkingdom …