Threatening the global community is a wide variety of potential threats, most notably
invasive pest species. Invasive pest species are non-native organisms that humans have …

Xenobiotic resistance in insects has evolved predominantly by increasing the metabolic
capability of detoxificative systems and/or reducing xenobiotic target site sensitivity. In …

The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera, is one of the world's major pest of agriculture,
feeding on over 300 hosts in 68 plant families. Resistance cases to most insecticide classes …

Plant defences against insect herbivores can be divided into 'static'or constitutive defences,
and 'active'or induced defences, although the insecticidal compounds or proteins involved …

Most recent investigations have focused on induced, rather than constitutive, plant defenses.
Yet significant research has helped to illuminate some of the principal characteristics of …

The cytochrome P450‐dependent monooxygenases are an extremely important metabolic
system involved in the metabolism of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. Collectively …

The effect of exposure of Aedes aegypti larvae to sub-lethal doses of the pyrethroid
insecticide permethrin, the organophosphate temephos, the herbicide atrazine, the …

Background Honey bees are exposed to phytochemicals through the nectar, pollen and
propolis consumed to sustain the colony. They may also encounter mycotoxins produced by …

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are integral in defining the relationships
between plants and insects. Secondary metabolites produced in plants for protection against …

Recent advances in our understanding of induced responses in plants and their regulation,
brought about by a revolution in molecular biology, have re-focused attention on the …