Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes to have evolved oxygenic photosynthesis,
transforming the biology and chemistry of our planet. Genomic and evolutionary studies …

Oxygenic phototrophs have played a fundamental role in Earth's history by enabling the rise
of atmospheric oxygen (O2) and paving the way for animal evolution. Understanding the …

Photosystem II is the water-oxidizing and O2-evolving enzyme of photosynthesis. How and
when this remarkable enzyme arose are fundamental questions in the history of life that …

Production of molecular oxygen was a turning point in the Earth's history. The geological
record indicates the Great Oxidation Event, which marked a permanent transition to an …

Abstract The Proterozoic Eon spans Earth's middle age during which many important
transitions occurred. These transitions include the oxygenation of the atmosphere …

The rise of molecular oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere and oceans was one of the most
consequential changes in Earth's history. While most research focuses on the Great …

Although Ce anomalies are commonly used to reconstruct past seawater redox conditions,
published interpretations are based on various proxy materials and analytical approaches …

Life on Earth has existed for over 3.5 billion years and has caused fundamental changes in
Earth's biogeochemistry. However, the timing and impact of major events in the evolution of …

Iron is a remarkable element in its relatively high abundance for its mass and its sensitivity to
(and control of) redox on a planetary scale over geologic time. Numerous volumes have …

Photosystem II is a photochemical reaction center that catalyzes the light‐driven oxidation of
water to molecular oxygen. Water oxidation is the distinctive photochemical reaction that …