Cells exert, sense, and respond to physical forces through an astounding diversity of
mechanisms. Here we review recently developed tools to quantify the forces generated by …

During epithelial morphogenesis, E-cadherin adhesive junctions play an important part in
mechanically coupling the contractile cortices of cells together, thereby distributing the …

Cell–cell junctions are specializations of the plasma membrane responsible for physically
integrating cells into tissues. We are now beginning to appreciate the diverse impacts that …

In multicellular systems, oriented cell divisions are essential for morphogenesis and
homeostasis as they determine the position of daughter cells within the tissue and also, in …

During epithelial tissue development, repair, and homeostasis, adherens junctions (AJs)
ensure intercellular adhesion and tissue integrity while allowing for cell and tissue …

Mitotic spindle orientation is essential for cell fate decisions, epithelial maintenance, and
tissue morphogenesis. In most animal cell types, the dynein motor complex is anchored at …

Convergence–extension is a widespread morphogenetic process driven by polarized cell
intercalation. In the Drosophila germ band, epithelial intercalation comprises loss of …

The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth in understanding of the pivotal roles of
mechanical stresses and physical forces in cell biology. As a result, an integrated view of …

Abstract Development, regeneration and cancer involve drastic transitions in tissue
morphology. In analogy with the behaviour of inert fluids, some of these transitions have …

Living tissues are active, multifunctional materials capable of generating, sensing,
withstanding and responding to mechanical stress. These capabilities enable tissues to …