Pandemics are large-scale outbreaks of infectious disease that can greatly increase
morbidity and mortality over a wide geographic area and cause significant economic, social …

In the present scenario, immunization is of utmost importance as it keeps us safe and
protects us from infectious agents. Despite the great success in the field of vaccinology …

For a century, two new viruses per year have spilled from their natural hosts into humans (1).
The MERS, SARS, and 2009 H1N1 epidemics, and the HIV and coronavirus disease 2019 …

To characterize the change in frequency of infectious disease outbreaks over time
worldwide, we encoded and analysed a novel 33-year dataset (1980–2013) of 12 102 …

Most pandemics—eg, HIV/AIDS, severe acute respiratory syndrome, pandemic influenza—
originate in animals, are caused by viruses, and are driven to emerge by ecological …

Introduction Robust metrics for national-level preparedness are critical for assessing global
resilience to epidemic and pandemic outbreaks. However, existing preparedness …

Mobile, social, real-time: the ongoing revolution in the way people communicate has given
rise to a new kind of epidemiology. Digital data sources, when harnessed appropriately, can …

Digital epidemiology, also referred to as digital disease detection (DDD), is motivated by the
same objectives as traditional epidemiology. However, DDD focuses on electronic data …

Vaccines are the most effective and cost-efficient method for preventing diseases caused by
infectious pathogens. Despite the great success of vaccines, development of safe and strong …

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