Coal, containing all the elements that are present in nature and more than 200 minerals, has
a complex chemical structure, making it one of the most complex geological materials …

Peat depositional environments, the sites where and conditions under which peat
accumulates, significantly influence a resultant coal's physical properties, chemical …

Rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) have attracted considerable attention over the last
decade because of their vital roles in clean energy, consumer product, national defense and …

Coal is a resource primarily used for electric power generation, and currently supplies 41%
of global electricity needs. Coal can also be considered as an economic source of …

Coal deposits have attracted much attention in recent years as promising alternative raw
sources for rare earth elements and yttrium (REY), not only because the REY concentrations …

This paper presents data on widespread abnormal accumulations of lanthanides and yttrium
(REY) in many coal deposits worldwide. High REY contents (> 0.1%) have been found in …

Coal ash is considered as a promising alternative resource for rare earth elements and
yttrium (REE+ Y or REY) recovery. Coal ash samples (fly ash and bottom ash), as well as …

Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical and strategic materials in the defense, energy,
electronics, and automotive industries. The reclamation of REEs from coal combustion fly …

During coal combustion for electric power generation, rare earth elements (REE) are
strongly retained in the ash fraction leading to significant enrichment compared to the REE …

China is, and in the coming decades should continue to be, the largest producer and user of
coal in the world. The high volume of coal usage in China has focused attention not only on …