Advances in the depth and quality of transcriptome sequencing have revealed many new
classes of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). lncRNA classification has mushroomed to …

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) arise during post‐transcriptional processes, in which a single‐
stranded RNA molecule forms a circle through covalent binding. Previously, circRNA …

In the past century, nearly all of the biological sciences have been directly affected by
discoveries and developments in genetics, a fast-evolving subject with important theoretical …

All eukaryotic cells contain four RNA polymerases originally defined by their sensitivity to
different drugs, and now by the sets of genes they transcribe. 1− 4 Polymerase I produces …

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women with the highest mortality among this
gender. Despite treatment strategies including surgery, hormone therapy and targeted …

Although gene fusions have been recognized as important drivers of cancer for decades,
our understanding of the prevalence and function of gene fusions has been revolutionized …

Chimeric RNAs comprise exons from two or more different genes and have the potential to
encode novel proteins that alter cellular phenotypes. To date, numerous putative chimeric …

In its first production phase, The ENCODE Project Consortium (ENCODE) has generated
thousands of genome-scale data sets, resulting in a genomic “parts list” that encompasses …

Transcriptionally non-co-linear (NCL) transcripts can originate from trans-splicing (trans-
spliced RNA;'tsRNA') or cis-backsplicing (circular RNA;'circRNA'). While numerous circRNAs …

Trans-splicing is a post-transcriptional event that joins exons from separate pre-mRNAs.
Detection of trans-splicing is usually severely hampered by experimental artifacts and …