Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-
dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately …

Insight into the organization of the basal ganglia in the normal, parkinsonian and l-dopa-
induced dyskinesia states is critical for the development of newer and more effective …

We present a spatial omics approach that combines histology, mass spectrometry imaging
and spatial transcriptomics to facilitate precise measurements of mRNA transcripts and low …

A large body of work has aimed to define the precise information encoded by dopaminergic
projections innervating the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Prevailing models are based on …

Markers of inhibitory neurotransmission are altered in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of subjects
with schizophrenia, and several lines of evidence suggest that these alterations may be …

The striatum, which is the major component of the basal ganglia, displays a complex mosaic
organization of neurochemical systems that are related to its neuroanatomical connections …

The previous editions of The Rat Nervous System were indispensable guides for those
working on the rat and mouse as experimental models. The fourth edition enhances this …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is named in honor of James Parkinson, whose classic
monograph,“An Essay on the Shaking Palsy,” written in 1817, has provided an enduring …

4. Can the overall activity of spiny projection neurons be correlated to levels of locomotor
activity? 5. An alternative hypothesis of nucleus accumbens function 6. Functional …

Rats sustaining unilateral near‐complete 6‐hydroxydopamine lesions of the mesostriatal
dopamine pathway received daily injections of 3, 4 dihydroxyphenyl‐l‐alanine (L‐DOPA, 8 …