Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent and serious complication of both chronic liver
disease and acute liver failure. HE manifests as a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric …

Trillions of microbes have evolved with and continue to live on and within human beings. A
variety of environmental factors can affect intestinal microbial imbalance, which has a close …

Alcoholic liver disease, which ranges from mild disease to alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis,
is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Alcohol intake can lead to changes …

Recurrent hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a leading cause of readmission despite standard
of care (SOC) associated with microbial dysbiosis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of worldwide cancer mortality.
HCC almost exclusively develops in patients with chronic liver disease, driven by a vicious …

The human gut microbiome has emerged as a major player in human health and disease.
The liver, as the first organ to encounter microbial products that cross the gut epithelial …

The intestine is a major source of systemic ammonia (NH3); thus, capturing part of gut NH3
may mitigate disease symptoms in conditions of hyperammonemia such as urea cycle …

It has become increasingly evident in recent years that the gut microbiome and the brain
communicate in a bidirectional manner, with each possibly affecting the other's functions …

The gut-liver axis is widely implicated in the pathogenesis of liver diseases, where it is
increasingly the focus of clinical research. Recent studies trialling an array of therapeutic …

The gut microbiota has been implicated in cancer and shown to modulate anticancer drug
efficacy. Altered gut microbiota is associated with resistance to chemo drugs or immune …