Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common cause of vaginal discharge in reproductive age
women around the world and is associated with several poor reproductive health outcomes …

Abstract Introduction Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health threat. Although the
recent availability of highly effective directly acting antivirals created optimism towards HCV …

Methods: We examined the relationship between number of prior rectal Neisseria
gonorrhoeae (GC) or Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections and HIV seroconversion in a …

Non-optimal vaginal microbiota, as observed in bacterial vaginosis (BV), is typically
characterized by a depletion of beneficial lactobacilli and an abundance of numerous …

Background Circumcision is associated with significant reductions in HIV, HSV-2 and HPV
infections among men and significant reductions in bacterial vaginosis among their female …

Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) elicit antiviral immune responses to human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Here we show that HIV-1 required signaling by the …

HIV is a devastating human pathogen that causes serious immunological diseases in
humans around the world. The virus is able to remain latent in an infected host for many …

Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for acquiring HIV infection
after diagnosis with other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Identifying the STIs …

Dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome as a result of overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria leads to
bacterial vaginosis (BV) which is associated with increased inflammation in the genital …

Recognition of viral glycans by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immunity
contributes to antiviral immune responses. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are PRRs capable …