This article traces the reign and downfall of Omar al-Bashir, Sudan's longtime autocrat. Like
other autocrats, al-Bashir attempted to prevent coups against his rule by crafting a …

This article offers a synthesis of understandings of wasta, seen as a form of social network
prevalent in the Arab Middle East. Whilst there has been increasing interest in this practice …

How does protest advancing diverse claims turn into violent conflict occurring primarily
along ethnic lines? This book examines that question in the context of Syria, drawing insight …

This article examines whether the transitional government in the wake of the December
2018 Sudanese revolution succeeded in realigning social policy with public demands. The …

ABSTRACT 'Wasta'is one of the most critical challenges to organisations in Jordan and the
Middle East due to its informal nature and the influences it has on various professional …

Faced with severe social, political, and economic challenges, Lebanon is described as a
weak state. Argued to be a key factor weakening the formal institutions there, is the prevalent …

Purpose The aim of this study is to explore employees' perceptions of the role of human
resources (HR) departments in Jordanian organisations and the reasons behind these …

It is estimated that of Syria's pre-war population, over half have been displaced from their
homes, some having moved abroad and many remaining in the country despite the threats …

Dissidents mobilizing against a repressive regime benefit from using public information for
tactical coordination since widespread knowledge about an upcoming event can increase …

Emerging economies are often characterized by pervasive institutional changes and
resultant institutional voids. In the absence of strong formal institutions, firms rely on informal …