Twenty-five years have passed since the discovery of cyclic dimeric (3′→ 5′) GMP (cyclic
di-GMP or c-di-GMP). From the relative obscurity of an allosteric activator of a bacterial …

On the stage of bacterial signal transduction and regulation, bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic dimeric
guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) has long played the part of Slee** Beauty. c-di …

The cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) second messenger represents a signaling system that
regulates many bacterial behaviors and is of key importance for driving the lifestyle switch …

Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator
proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction …

Cyclic-di-GMP is a ubiquitous second messenger in bacteria. The recent discovery that c-di-
GMP antagonistically controls motility and virulence of single, planktonic cells on one hand …

Summary Bis‐(3′‐5′)‐cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c‐di‐GMP) has come to
the limelight as a result of the recent advances in microbial genomics and increased interest …

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for systemic infections
in immunocompromised individuals and chronic respiratory disease in patients with cystic …

For an organism to survive, it must be able to sense its environment and regulate
physiological processes accordingly. Understanding how bacteria integrate signals from …

The ubiquitous bacterial second messenger c-di-GMP controls exopolysaccharide
synthesis, flagella-and pili-based motility, gene expression, and interactions of bacteria with …

Recent studies identified c-di-GMP as a universal bacterial secondary messenger regulating
biofilm formation, motility, production of extracellular polysaccharide and multicellular …