The smooth muscle cell directly drives the contraction of the vascular wall and hence
regulates the size of the blood vessel lumen. We review here the current understanding of …

Sleep-related breathing disorders are highly prevalent in patients with established
cardiovascular disease. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects an estimated 15 million adult …

Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) carries a poor prognosis if not promptly
diagnosed and appropriately treated. The development and approval of 14 medications over …

Background Neonates and children differ from adults in physiology, pharmacologic
responses to drugs, epidemiology, and long-term consequences of thrombosis. This …

Background—Novel therapies have recently become available for pulmonary arterial
hypertension. We conducted a study to characterize mortality in a multicenter prospective …

Rationale: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an orphan disease for which the trend
is for management in designated centers with multidisciplinary teams working in a shared …

Background The Registry to EValuate Early And Long-term pulmonary arterial hypertension
disease management (REVEAL Registry) was established to provide updated …

The diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rapidly evolving area,
with changes occurring in the definition of the disease, screening and diagnostic techniques …

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 An overview of the ILD guideline Since the publication of the first
BTS guidelines for diffuse lung disease nearly 10years ago, 1 the specialty has seen …

Knowledge about the role of the right ventricle in health and disease historically has lagged
behind that of the left ventricle. Less muscular, restricted in its role to pum** blood through …