Artificial cells are constructed to imitate natural cells and allow researchers to explore
biological process and the origin of life. The construction methods for artificial cells, through …

Cell-free gene expression (CFE) emerged as an alternative approach to living cells for
specific applications in protein synthesis and labelling for structural biology and proteomics …

The origin of life is a fascinating, unresolved problem whose deciphering would have
important scientific, epistemological and social implications. Over time, philosophers and …

INTRODUCTION In 1984, the simplest cells capable of autonomous growth, the
mycoplasmas, were proposed as models for understanding the basic principles of life. In …

Artificial cells have attracted much attention as substitutes for natural cells. There are many
different forms of artificial cells with many different definitions. They can be integral biological …

Background The opportunities for bacterial population genomics that are being realised by
the application of parallel nucleotide sequencing require novel bioinformatics platforms …

Animals living in social communities typically harbor a characteristic gut microbiota
important for nutrition and pathogen defense. Accordingly, in the gut of the honey bee, Apis …

If we were to point out in a few words what characterises the phenomenon of life, we would
probably mention the amazing plasticity and robustness of living systems, the innumerable …

Growth is a fundamental process of life. Growth requirements are well‐characterized
experimentally for many microbes; however, we lack a unified model for cellular growth …

Ribonucleases (RNases) are mediators in most reactions of RNA metabolism. In recent
years, there has been a surge of new information about RNases and the roles they play in …