Semaphorins are extracellular signaling proteins that are essential for the development and
maintenance of many organs and tissues. The more than 20-member semaphorin protein …

The fertility and survival of an individual rely on the ability of the periphery to promptly,
effectively, and reproducibly communicate with brain neural networks that control …

Semaphorins, originally discovered as guidance cues for develo** axons, are involved in
many processes that shape the nervous system during development, from neuronal …

Background We have recently demonstrated a causal link between loss of gonadotropin-
releasing hormone (GnRH), the master molecule regulating reproduction, and cognitive …

Insulin acts on neurons and glial cells to regulate systemic glucose metabolism and feeding.
However, the mechanisms of insulin access in discrete brain regions are incompletely …

Research into the physiological actions of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has rapidly
expanded from its classical role in male sexual differentiation to the regulation of ovarian …

This review presents a comprehensive discussion of the clinical condition of delayed
puberty, a common presentation to the pediatric endocrinologist, which may present both …

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive-endocrine
disorder affecting between 5 and 18% of women worldwide. An elevated frequency of …

Hypothalamic glucose sensing enables an organism to match energy expenditure and food
intake to circulating levels of glucose, the main energy source of the brain. Here, we …

The mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH; arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus [ARH] and
median eminence [ME]) is a key nutrient sensing site for the production of the complex …