Hydrogels hold significant potential to revolutionize the renewable energy sector due to their
unique properties, tunable functionalities, and diverse applications. This study provides a …

Hydrogels can be employed to recover salinity gradient (SG) energy as they can exhibit
reversible swelling and shrinking behaviors in alternate freshwater and sea water. The …

The internal energy (U-energy) conversion to free energy (F-energy) and energy dissipation
(S-energy) is a basic process that enables the continuity of life on Earth. Here, we present a …

Salinity gradient energy (SGE) is an increasingly important form of renewable energy
occurring in nature when river water streams flow into the sea. Charged polymeric gels have …

Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are hydrophilic polymer networks (ie, hydrogels) that
contain charged monomer units along the polymer backbone. Poly (sodium acrylate)(PSA) …

In this study, we propose a new approach to attain energy by salinity gradient engines with
pistons based on hydrogels possessing polyelectrolyte and antipolyelectrolyte effects in a …